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swarm-house/docs/adr/ADR-0002-one-storage-format.md
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docs: audit links, glossary T0-T4, readability pass
Extend glossary with storage floors, source of truth, and linkable anchors.
Fix broken links, pose frame drift, rsync/offload wording, and README tone.
Add docs/improvement audit records and live demo links in design journey.
2026-07-10 10:46:59 +01:00

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# ADR-0002: One storage format on every tier — Parquet + DuckDB, Hive layout
## Status
Accepted (2026-07-08)
## Context
Data lives across [storage floors](../00-glossary.md#t0--hot) T0T4. Primary persistent
stores are [T1](../00-glossary.md#t1--warm) (drone NVMe in flight) and
[T3](../00-glossary.md#t3--warehouse) (ground warehouse after landing);
[T0](../00-glossary.md#t0--hot) is the in-memory hot window,
[T2](../00-glossary.md#t2--shared) optional on-board derived replication,
[T4](../00-glossary.md#t4--dev) dev/sim slices. If each floor used a different
format or layout, offload would need transformation code,
schemas would drift, and a query proven on the bench would not run unchanged on
flight data.
## Decision
Use **one storage format on every floor**: columnar **Parquet** files in an
identical **Hive-partitioned** layout (`dataset=…/flight=…/drone=…/…`), queried
with **DuckDB**. Flight offload T1 → T3 is therefore a plain **mirror**
(copy/rsync of partition directories), not an ETL step.
## Consequences
- Offload is a file operation, testable with a checksum; no format converters
to maintain or version.
- The same SQL runs against T1, T3, and simulated data — the simulator
([`../../simulator/`](../../simulator/)) generates the *real* layout, so tests
exercise the production format.
- Partitioning choices are load-bearing; changing them is a schema migration.
Detailed in [`../03-data-platform.md`](../03-data-platform.md).
- DuckDB's single-file, no-server model fits an air-gapped drone with no room
for a database daemon.